{
    "meta": {
        "title": "D-Central — Per-Model ASIC Cooling-Fitment Matrix",
        "description": "One row per Bitcoin/Scrypt ASIC model family (15 families): stock cooling, whether a factory hydro (water) variant ships, whether a factory immersion variant ships, aftermarket immersion convertibility (with warranty caveat), and heat-reuse fit. Factory-variant cells are grounded on live D-Central dc_miner catalog SKUs.",
        "generated": "2026-07-13T00:34:46+00:00",
        "version": "1.0",
        "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "source": "https://d-central.tech/asic-cooling-fitment/",
        "record_count": 15,
        "provenance": "Factory hydro/immersion cells name a variant ONLY where that SKU exists in the live D-Central dc_miner catalog (verified 2026-07-12); otherwise \"—\". Aftermarket-immersion is a generic, model-independent statement. Cooling-method characteristics are grounded in the D-Central Mining Bible thermal docs and mirror the method-keyed /asic-cooling-comparison/.",
        "disclaimer": "A form-factor reference, not a warranty or safety guarantee. Aftermarket immersion or hydro conversion of an air unit voids the manufacturer warranty and requires dielectric fluid / a sealed loop and external heat rejection. Confirm the exact variant and warranty terms with the manufacturer before purchase or conversion."
    },
    "rows": [
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s9",
            "model": "Antminer S9 / S9j / S9k",
            "series": "S9",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (2 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — S9 Hydro (18 TH/s)",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; the S9 Hydro loop feeds a low-grade hot-water/radiant loop.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "The legacy 16nm workhorse. A factory S9 Hydro shipped; the standard S9/S9j/S9k are forced-air and are the most commonly immersion-converted model at home scale."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s17-t17",
            "model": "Antminer S17 / T17",
            "series": "S17",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "—",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "No factory liquid variant. The 7nm S17/T17 generation ran hot and is a frequent aftermarket-immersion candidate to stabilise hashboard temperatures."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-t19",
            "model": "Antminer T19",
            "series": "S19",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — T19 Hydro, T19 Pro Hyd",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; T19 Hydro coolant ~45–55°C → hot water.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "Value tier of the S19 platform; a factory T19 Hydro exists alongside the air model."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s19",
            "model": "Antminer S19",
            "series": "S19",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — S19 Hydro",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; S19 Hydro coolant ~45–55°C → hot water/radiant.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "Base S19 (BM1398). A factory S19 Hydro shipped for rack-dense deployments."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s19-pro",
            "model": "Antminer S19 Pro / S19 Pro+",
            "series": "S19",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — S19 Pro Hyd (177 TH/s), S19 Pro+ Hyd (191–198 TH/s)",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; hydro loop ~45–55°C → hot water/radiant.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "The Pro and Pro+ both ship factory hydro variants at higher hashrate than the air units."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s19j-pro",
            "model": "Antminer S19j Pro / S19k Pro",
            "series": "S19",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "—",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "No factory liquid variant for the j Pro / k Pro. Within the S19 line the factory hydro flagships are the S19 Pro Hyd and S19 XP Hyd."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s19-xp",
            "model": "Antminer S19 XP / S19 XP+",
            "series": "S19",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — S19 XP Hyd (257 TH/s), S19 XP+ Hyd (279–293 TH/s), S19e XP Hydro (251 TH/s)",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; hydro loop ~45–55°C → hot water/radiant.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "The 5nm XP (BM1366) tops the S19 line; its factory hydro variants push well past the air hashrate."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s21",
            "model": "Antminer S21",
            "series": "S21",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — S21 Hyd (335 TH/s)",
            "factory_immersion": "Yes — S21 Immersion (227 / 301 TH/s)",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; hydro/immersion capture a larger share for hot water or radiant loops.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "First S21-generation model with all three factory form factors in the catalog: air, hydro, and a factory Immersion SKU."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s21-pro",
            "model": "Antminer S21 Pro",
            "series": "S21",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "—",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat.",
            "confidence": "medium",
            "notes": "The S21 Pro (BM1370) ships as an air unit; within the S21 series the factory liquid units are the S21 Hyd/Immersion, S21+ Hyd, S21e Hyd and S21 XP Hyd/Immersion rather than a dedicated \"Pro Hyd\"."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s21-plus-s21e",
            "model": "Antminer S21+ / S21e",
            "series": "S21",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — S21+ Hyd (358 TH/s), S21e Hyd (288–332 TH/s), S21e XP Hyd (3U)",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; hydro loop ~45–55°C → hot water/radiant.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "The + and e sub-lines ship factory hydro units, several in a rack-dense 3U form factor."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s21-xp",
            "model": "Antminer S21 XP",
            "series": "S21",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — S21 XP Hyd, S21 XP+ Hyd (500 TH/s)",
            "factory_immersion": "Yes — S21 XP Immersion",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; hydro/immersion capture a larger share for hot water or radiant loops.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "Top of the S21 line; factory air, hydro (incl. a 500 TH/s XP+ Hyd) and a factory Immersion SKU all exist."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-s23",
            "model": "Antminer S23",
            "series": "S23",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — S23 Hyd, S23 Hyd (3U)",
            "factory_immersion": "Yes — S23 Immersion (368 / 442 TH/s)",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; hydro/immersion capture a larger share for hot water or radiant loops.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "Next-generation flagship; ships in air, hydro (incl. 3U) and a factory Immersion SKU."
        },
        {
            "slug": "whatsminer-m30s",
            "model": "Whatsminer M30S / M30S+ / M30S++",
            "series": "M30",
            "manufacturer": "MicroBT",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (2 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — M30S++ (Hydro)",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; the M30S++ Hydro loop feeds a hot-water/radiant loop.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "MicroBT ships a factory M30S++ Hydro. (MicroBT also offers hydro/immersion variants in its later M5x/M6x lines; the M30S++ Hydro is the one currently profiled in the D-Central catalog.)"
        },
        {
            "slug": "whatsminer-m50-m60",
            "model": "Whatsminer M50 / M60 series",
            "series": "M50/M60",
            "manufacturer": "MicroBT",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (2 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "Yes — M53 / M53S / M53S+ (M50-gen hydro), M63 / M63S / M63S+ (M60-gen hydro)",
            "factory_immersion": "Yes — M56 / M56S / M56S+ (M50-gen immersion), M66 / M66S (M60-gen immersion)",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat; the M5x/M6x hydro loops feed a hot-water/radiant loop.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "MicroBT encodes cooling in the model number's middle digit: M50/M60 are air, M53/M63 are hydro (water), and M56/M66 are immersion — so each generation ships all three form factors, and all are profiled in the D-Central catalog."
        },
        {
            "slug": "antminer-l7-l9",
            "model": "Antminer L7 / L9 (Scrypt)",
            "series": "L (Scrypt)",
            "manufacturer": "Bitmain",
            "stock_cooling": "Forced air (4 fans)",
            "factory_hydro": "—",
            "factory_immersion": "—",
            "aftermarket_immersion": "Convertible — remove fans and submerge the whole unit in dielectric fluid (single- or two-phase). Aftermarket conversion voids the manufacturer warranty and needs a sealed tank + fluid + external heat exchanger.",
            "heat_reuse": "Air exhaust ~55–70°C → space heat.",
            "confidence": "high",
            "notes": "Litecoin/Dogecoin Scrypt miners. The air L7/L9 have no factory liquid variant; the separate, newer L11 line adds a Scrypt hydro tier (the L11 Hyd 2U)."
        }
    ]
}