{
    "meta": {
        "title": "ASIC Miner Factory Defaults & Recovery Reference",
        "description": "Factory defaults and recovery paths for 10 ASIC-miner control-board generations (Bitmain Antminer, MicroBT Whatsminer, Goldshell, IceRiver, Canaan Avalon and Volcminer): default network mode, IP-discovery method, stock web and SSH logins, reset-button procedure, and firmware-recovery method. Keyed by control board. Each row is sourced and links a full guide. For recovering hardware you own — change defaults after recovery.",
        "generated": "2026-07-17T15:36:00+00:00",
        "version": "1.1",
        "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "source": "https://d-central.tech/asic-factory-defaults/",
        "record_count": 10,
        "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
        "next_review": "2026-10-15",
        "disclaimer": "These are publicly-documented factory defaults, published so you can recover hardware you own. Change the dashboard and SSH credentials immediately after any recovery. Procedures vary by firmware and control-board revision; confirm against your unit and the linked guide before relying on them. Not a warranty or a guarantee against bricking."
    },
    "rows": [
        {
            "id": "bitmain-zynq-c5-s9",
            "brand": "Bitmain",
            "family": "Zynq C5 (S9 generation)",
            "models": "S9, S9i, S9j, T9+",
            "control_board": "Xilinx Zynq Z-7010 / Z-7007 (C5-class control board)",
            "default_network": "DHCP — no static default IP",
            "ip_discovery": "Press the IP Report button on the control board (hold ~5 s, not a tap) and the miner broadcasts its IP to Bitmain's IP Reporter tool on the same subnet; or read your router's DHCP lease table / run nmap -sn.",
            "web_login": "root / root  (stock web dashboard; HTTP digest realm \"antMiner Configuration\")",
            "ssh_login": "root / admin  (Bitmain SD-installer passwd.txt default) — NOT root/root; the famous root/root is the web-UI digest, not the SSH password",
            "config_reset": "Reset button, config-wipe only: hard power-cycle, wait exactly 2 minutes (the button handler is only live 2–10 min after a cold boot), then hold Reset ~5 s. The firmware image stays; /config is cleared.",
            "firmware_recovery": "MicroSD (16 GB or smaller, FAT32, MBR, single partition) with Bitmain's SD-recovery bundle → reflashes NAND. The S9 family preserves MAC + config via a UBI \"config\" volume.",
            "gotcha": "The bundle's *.jffs2 files are actually UBI images (UBI# magic), not JFFS2. S9/S9i/S9j share one Zynq artifact set — only the rootfs differs per model.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-troubleshooting/antminer-factory-reset-procedure/",
            "source": "D-Central mining RE (BITMAIN_STOCK_RECOVERY, 2026-05-02) §1/§6 + Antminer Factory Reset Procedure guide",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        },
        {
            "id": "bitmain-am335x-l3",
            "brand": "Bitmain",
            "family": "AM335x BeagleBone (Scrypt L-series)",
            "models": "L3+, D3, A3",
            "control_board": "TI AM335x (BeagleBone-class control board)",
            "default_network": "DHCP — no static default IP",
            "ip_discovery": "Router DHCP lease table, or Bitmain's IP Reporter tool. (Not all L-series units carry a dedicated IP-report button.)",
            "web_login": "root / root  (HTTP digest realm \"antMiner Configuration\")",
            "ssh_login": "root / admin  (SD-installer passwd.txt default)",
            "config_reset": "Reset button (same cold-boot window as the S9 family) — config wipe.",
            "firmware_recovery": "MicroSD SD-recovery bundle → reflashes NAND (the AM335x ROM probes four NAND offsets, so MLO is written to four partitions).",
            "gotcha": "⚠ On the L3+, recovery WIPES all user config (/config is cleared with rm -rf) — back up your pool settings first. Runs cgminer-ltc (Scrypt), not bmminer. A partial SD flash (missing an MLO copy) bricks the loader.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-troubleshooting/antminer-factory-reset-procedure/",
            "source": "D-Central mining RE (BITMAIN_STOCK_RECOVERY, 2026-05-02) §3/§6",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        },
        {
            "id": "bitmain-zynq-s17-t17",
            "brand": "Bitmain",
            "family": "Zynq (S17 / T17 generation)",
            "models": "S17, S17+, S17 Pro, T17, T17+",
            "control_board": "Xilinx Zynq (Zynq-7000 class control board)",
            "default_network": "DHCP — no static default IP",
            "ip_discovery": "IP Report button (hold ~5 s) → IP Reporter tool; or router DHCP lease.",
            "web_login": "root / root  (stock)",
            "ssh_login": "root / admin on the sibling S9-family Zynq boards; the widely-cited root / root is the web-dashboard digest, not the SSH password. Confirm per unit — custom firmware (VNish/Braiins/LuxOS) sets its own.",
            "config_reset": "Reset button — cold-boot, wait 2 min, hold ~5 s (valid 2–10 min window). Config wipe.",
            "firmware_recovery": "MicroSD (≤16 GB, FAT32/MBR) with the image for your EXACT control-board silkscreen revision → reflashes NAND. The S17/T17 family shares boot artifacts (one Zynq kernel across all four).",
            "gotcha": "Use the image for your exact silkscreen revision — a wrong-revision image bricks the board.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-troubleshooting/antminer-factory-reset-procedure/",
            "source": "D-Central mining RE (BITMAIN_STOCK_RECOVERY, 2026-05-02) §5 + Antminer Factory Reset Procedure guide",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        },
        {
            "id": "bitmain-s19-nand",
            "brand": "Bitmain",
            "family": "S19 series (NAND control board)",
            "models": "S19, S19 Pro, S19j, S19a, S19 Pro+ Hyd",
            "control_board": "NAND control board (silkscreen e.g. BHB42xxx / BHB56xxx / BHB68xxx)",
            "default_network": "DHCP — no static default IP",
            "ip_discovery": "IP Report button (hold ~5 s) → IP Reporter tool; router DHCP lease. DCENT_OS additionally advertises the miner over mDNS.",
            "web_login": "root / root  (stock) — newer boards ship a per-unit sticker password instead",
            "ssh_login": "root / root  (legacy) or admin / admin (newer firmware), or the per-unit sticker password",
            "config_reset": "Reset button — hard power-cycle, wait 2 min, hold Reset ~5 s (valid 2–10 min window after a cold boot). Config wipe.",
            "firmware_recovery": "MicroSD (≤16 GB, FAT32, MBR) with the EXACT-revision Bitmain image → reflashes the control board. Wrong-revision flashing is the number-one operator-error brick at the bench.",
            "gotcha": "Match the firmware to the silkscreen revision (e.g. BHB68001 vs BHB68601) — an image from a different revision of the SAME model bricks the board.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-troubleshooting/antminer-factory-reset-procedure/",
            "source": "Antminer Factory Reset Procedure guide (#82501, D-Central vetted)",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        },
        {
            "id": "bitmain-cvitek-emmc",
            "brand": "Bitmain",
            "family": "Cvitek eMMC-only (S19 XP / S21 / T21 generation)",
            "models": "S19 XP, S19 XP Hyd, S19k Pro, S19j Pro (Cvitek batches), S21, S21 Pro, T21, L7",
            "control_board": "Cvitek CV1835-class SoC with eMMC storage",
            "default_network": "DHCP — no static default IP",
            "ip_discovery": "IP Report button / IP Reporter tool; router DHCP lease.",
            "web_login": "root / root, or the per-unit sticker password",
            "ssh_login": "miner / miner, with the root account DISABLED (root shell = /bin/false)",
            "config_reset": "Reset button (cold-boot window). ⚠ A wrong reset on an eMMC-only board can turn a bent config into a bricked control board.",
            "firmware_recovery": "SD-card recovery is often UNAVAILABLE on these eMMC-only boards → recover over UART / U-Boot TFTP with the exact-revision image. Highest brick risk of any generation; if U-Boot won't respond, it needs bench work.",
            "gotcha": "eMMC-only means there is no simple SD-reflash safety net. S19j Pro shipped on more than one control board across batches — if miner/miner fails, try the S19-series NAND row's root/root.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-troubleshooting/antminer-factory-reset-procedure/",
            "source": "D-Central mining RE (BITMAIN_STOCK_RECOVERY, 2026-05-02) §6 (Cvitek miner/miner) + Antminer Factory Reset Procedure guide (eMMC brick warning)",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        },
        {
            "id": "microbt-whatsminer",
            "brand": "MicroBT",
            "family": "Whatsminer (M2x / M3x / M5x / M6x)",
            "models": "M20S, M21S, M30S, M30S+, M31S, M50, M53, M60 (and siblings)",
            "control_board": "MicroBT control board (Xilinx Zynq-class), H3/H6 generation",
            "default_network": "DHCP — the assigned IPv4 is shown on the front LED/LCD (0.0.0.0 or 169.254.x.x on the display means DHCP did not answer)",
            "ip_discovery": "Hold the IPFOUND button ~2 s and the miner announces its IP; or run MicroBT's IPReporter / IPFOUND tool; or check the router's DHCP leases for a fresh MAC prefix A4:C1:38, D0:71:C4 or 7C:21:0D.",
            "web_login": "admin / admin  (limited web admin) and super / super  (full admin) — change the super password immediately",
            "ssh_login": "Managed via the web dashboard / btminer API; SSH login varies by firmware — use the dashboard.",
            "config_reset": "Hold RESET for 5–10 s for a full factory reset (returns to admin/admin + super/super, DHCP).",
            "firmware_recovery": "MicroSD rescue image; UART serial recovery on control-board corruption (e.g. M30S). For a direct link, static-assign your laptop to 192.168.1.99/24 and connect straight to the miner.",
            "gotcha": "After a factory reset the super password is back to its default — reset it before the miner is reachable on an untrusted network.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-troubleshooting/whatsminer-factory-reset-via-button/",
            "source": "Whatsminer network-reset / factory-reset / M30S-recovery guides (#82478 / #82545 / #82495, D-Central vetted)",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        },
        {
            "id": "goldshell",
            "brand": "Goldshell",
            "family": "Goldshell (BOX-series + KD / LT / CK-series)",
            "models": "KD-BOX, Mini-DOGE, HS-BOX, ST-BOX, CK-BOX, KA-BOX, KD5, KD6, LT5, LT6, CK6, KD-MAX",
            "control_board": "Goldshell control board — BOX models have a user microSD slot; KD/LT/CK/KD-MAX use eMMC",
            "default_network": "DHCP — no static default IP",
            "ip_discovery": "Open find.goldshell.com on a wired laptop on the same LAN (WiFi off, incognito, no extensions); or the router's DHCP client list — Goldshell MAC prefix 18:2A:7B (current), 5C:CF:7F or 24:C9:A1 (early BOX OEM).",
            "web_login": "Legacy firmware (most BOX-series and stock-era KD5/KD6/LT5/LT6/CK6): admin / 123456789. Modern firmware (BOX-II, Mini-DOGE III+, late KD6/LT6 after ~mid-2023): the Goldshell Zone account email + password (cloud-bound via zone.goldshell.com; an unbound unit shows a QR-binding screen instead of a password prompt).",
            "ssh_login": "Not the documented field path — recover via the web dashboard or the Zone binding, not SSH.",
            "config_reset": "Hold the RST button 5–10 s (wait 90 s after AC power before starting). Or in the web UI: Configuration -> System -> Factory Reset (legacy) / Device Management -> Unbind & Reset (Zone firmware).",
            "firmware_recovery": "SD-card reflash is BOX-series ONLY (those have a user microSD slot) — balenaEtcher + the burn-*.img recovery image (request from hello@goldshell.com). KD5/KD6/LT5/LT6/CK6/KD-MAX are eMMC and are RST-button-only in the field. Firmware upgrades must run over Ethernet, never WiFi.",
            "gotcha": "Change the published 123456789 default immediately. A used, Zone-bound BOX still tied to the prior owner's account is cleared by an SD-image reflash. Non-BOX (eMMC) models have no SD safety net.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-troubleshooting/goldshell-login-fail-default-password/",
            "source": "Goldshell login-fail / default-password (#83637) + BOX SD-recovery (#83276) guides, D-Central vetted",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        },
        {
            "id": "iceriver-ks",
            "brand": "IceRiver",
            "family": "IceRiver KS-series",
            "models": "KS0, KS0 Pro, KS0 Ultra, KS1, KS2, KS3, KS3L, KS3M, KS5, KS5L, KS5M",
            "control_board": "IceRiver control board (eMMC); front-panel LEDs D1–D4",
            "default_network": "DHCP; factory fallback 192.168.1.1 when DHCP does not answer (static-assign your laptop to 192.168.1.0/24). Default hostname ICERIVER-* or KS3M-*.",
            "ip_discovery": "IceRiver's Detect IP tool from iceriver.io; or the router DHCP lease table.",
            "web_login": "A model-specific default printed on the chassis sticker / in the user manual — current defaults are listed at iceriver.io/faq/. IceRiver uses per-model defaults, not one universal password.",
            "ssh_login": "Not the documented field path — recover via the web UI or SD recovery.",
            "config_reset": "Hold the reset button a FULL 20 seconds until the red status LED flashes, then wait 5 minutes untouched (the bootloader copies the factory partition over the active one — interrupting bricks the eMMC). Some KS5L/KS5M revisions require holding reset WHILE powering on.",
            "firmware_recovery": "SD-card recovery — balenaEtcher + the .img from iceriver.io/firmware-download/; insert the SD, power on holding reset ~5 s (up to 30 s on some revisions), wait 8 minutes untouched. UART + eMMC reflash for deeper bricks.",
            "gotcha": "The 20-second hold with red-LED confirmation and the 5-minute do-not-touch rule are mandatory — an interrupted reset bricks the unit. Third-party firmware (xyys / tswift / iceriver-oc) changes reset behaviour.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-troubleshooting/iceriver-factory-reset-procedure/",
            "source": "IceRiver factory-reset (#83553) + SD-reflash (#83462) guides, D-Central vetted",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        },
        {
            "id": "canaan-avalon",
            "brand": "Canaan",
            "family": "AvalonMiner (Avalon A-series)",
            "models": "AvalonMiner 1066, 1066 Pro, 1166 Pro, 1246, 1366, 1466, 1566, Nano 3 / 3S",
            "control_board": "AvalonMiner control board (cgminer-based)",
            "default_network": "DHCP; configuration-mode static fallback 192.168.168.168 (subnet 255.255.255.0) — browse http://192.168.168.168/",
            "ip_discovery": "The AvalonMiner control panel / Avalon app; the router DHCP lease; or configuration mode at 192.168.168.168.",
            "web_login": "root / root",
            "ssh_login": "Managed via the web UI / cgminer API.",
            "config_reset": "Press and hold the FUNC key 5–10 s (before the indicator light turns red) while powered on — clears network, pool and password configuration.",
            "firmware_recovery": "Firmware upgrade via the web UI; SD-card recovery on models whose control board has an SD slot (per the Canaan model manual).",
            "gotcha": "root/root is widely published — change it immediately. Confirm the exact model manual: defaults and the reset key vary slightly across AvalonMiner generations.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-repair-by-model/",
            "source": "Canaan AvalonMiner official user manuals (1066 / 1246)",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        },
        {
            "id": "volcminer-d1",
            "brand": "Volcminer",
            "family": "Volcminer D1-series (Scrypt / LTC)",
            "models": "D1, D1 Lite, D1 Mini, D1 Mini Pre, D1 Hydro",
            "control_board": "Volcminer D1 controller (Antminer-class architecture)",
            "default_network": "DHCP — no static default IP",
            "ip_discovery": "Router DHCP / connected-devices list; or VolcMiner's IP Reporter tool (volcminer.com/techsupport) — run it, then hold the IP Report button on the controller until the red LED lights.",
            "web_login": "root / ltc@dog  (the @ is a literal @ character)",
            "ssh_login": "SSH may be locked or use different credentials — use the web dashboard.",
            "config_reset": "Web UI: Configuration -> System -> Factory Reset (returns to ltc@dog); or a firmware upgrade with Keep Settings UNCHECKED.",
            "firmware_recovery": "SD-card reflash — FAT / FAT32 only (32 GB or smaller; exFAT is NOT supported), extract the official recovery image to the SD root, insert into the controller daughter-board, power on: both LEDs on -> both off after ~10 s (refresh begins) -> wait 60–180 s -> both LEDs on = done. UART (3.3 V) is the last resort.",
            "gotcha": "exFAT is not supported (FAT32 only). Wrong-variant firmware (D1 vs Lite vs Mini vs Hydro) bricks the controller. Discharge the 3900 W PSU for 5 minutes before opening the chassis.",
            "guide_url": "/asic-troubleshooting/volcminer-d1-default-password-reset/",
            "source": "Volcminer D1 Default Password & Factory Reset guide (#83577), D-Central vetted",
            "last_reviewed": "2026-07-15",
            "next_review": "2026-10-15"
        }
    ]
}