{
    "meta": {
        "title": "Immersion Cooling Fluids for Bitcoin Miners — Dielectric Coolant Reference",
        "description": "Machine-readable reference of 12 dielectric fluids used for single-phase and two-phase immersion cooling of Bitcoin ASIC miners, with dielectric strength, viscosity, flash/pour/boiling points, thermal conductivity, density and global-warming potential.",
        "generated": "2026-06-27T04:51:49+00:00",
        "version": "1.0",
        "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "source": "https://d-central.tech/immersion-cooling-fluids/",
        "record_count": 12,
        "disclaimer": "Values are the typical figures published on each manufacturer's technical data sheet or safety data sheet; test methods and reference temperatures vary by vendor (noted in cells where they differ). Dielectric strength gaps differ (0.1 in vs 2.5 mm) and are not directly comparable. Mineral-oil figures are representative ranges, not one product. Always confirm against the current datasheet before designing a system."
    },
    "rows": [
        {
            "name": "BitCool BC-888",
            "manufacturer": "Engineered Fluids",
            "fluid_type": "single-phase synthetic hydrocarbon",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": ">40 (0.1in gap)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "",
            "flash_point_c": "201",
            "pour_point_c": "-65",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.135",
            "density_g_cm3": "0.80",
            "boiling_point_c": "",
            "gwp": "Low (hydrocarbon)",
            "typical_use": "Single-phase full immersion of ASIC miners; mining-specific formulation",
            "source_url": "https://www.engineeredfluids.com/bitcool"
        },
        {
            "name": "Shell Immersion Cooling Fluid S3 X",
            "manufacturer": "Shell",
            "fluid_type": "single-phase synthetic hydrocarbon",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": "",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "9.9",
            "flash_point_c": "198",
            "pour_point_c": "<=-42",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "",
            "density_g_cm3": "0.808",
            "boiling_point_c": "",
            "gwp": "Low (hydrocarbon)",
            "typical_use": "Single-phase immersion of servers and ASIC miners; Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) base oil",
            "source_url": "https://www.shell.com/business-customers/industrial-lubricants-and-specialty-fluids-for-business/immersion-cooling-fluids.html"
        },
        {
            "name": "Castrol ON Immersion Cooling Fluid DC 20",
            "manufacturer": "Castrol",
            "fluid_type": "single-phase synthetic hydrocarbon",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": ">35 (DIN EN 60156)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "5.1",
            "flash_point_c": "159",
            "pour_point_c": "-75",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.139",
            "density_g_cm3": "0.797",
            "boiling_point_c": "",
            "gwp": "Low (hydrocarbon)",
            "typical_use": "Single-phase Hashcenter / ASIC immersion; low viscosity, high specific heat",
            "source_url": "https://www.castrol.com/content/dam/castrol/business-sites-new/en/global/corporate/documents/industries/data-centre-cooling/Castrol-ON-immersion-cooling-fluid-DC-20-product-data.pdf"
        },
        {
            "name": "Technical / White Mineral Oil (representative)",
            "manufacturer": "Various (naphthenic / paraffinic)",
            "fluid_type": "single-phase mineral oil",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": "30-70 (dry/treated)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "12-30",
            "flash_point_c": "135-200",
            "pour_point_c": "-30 to -60",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "~0.13",
            "density_g_cm3": "0.86-0.88",
            "boiling_point_c": "",
            "gwp": "Low (hydrocarbon)",
            "typical_use": "Low-cost DIY single-phase immersion; higher viscosity and more oxidation than engineered fluids (representative ranges, not one product)",
            "source_url": "https://d-central.tech/examination-of-engineered-fluids-dielectric-coolants-for-cryptocurrency-mining/"
        },
        {
            "name": "3M Novec 7000",
            "manufacturer": "3M",
            "fluid_type": "two-phase fluorocarbon-engineered-fluid",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": "40 (0.1in gap)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "0.28 (at 30C)",
            "flash_point_c": "None (non-flammable)",
            "pour_point_c": "",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.072",
            "density_g_cm3": "1.40",
            "boiling_point_c": "34",
            "gwp": "575",
            "typical_use": "Two-phase immersion; lowest boiling point in the Novec line (evaporative cooling at the chip)",
            "source_url": "https://www.lookpolymers.com/polymer_3M-Novec-7000-Engineered-Fluid.php"
        },
        {
            "name": "3M Novec 7100",
            "manufacturer": "3M",
            "fluid_type": "two-phase fluorocarbon-engineered-fluid",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": ">25 (0.1in gap)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "",
            "flash_point_c": "None (non-flammable)",
            "pour_point_c": "-135",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.069",
            "density_g_cm3": "1.51",
            "boiling_point_c": "61",
            "gwp": "320",
            "typical_use": "Two-phase immersion cooling of electronics and ASICs",
            "source_url": "https://www.chempoint.com/products/3m/3m-novec-engineered-fluids/3m-novec-engineered-fluids/novec-7100"
        },
        {
            "name": "3M Novec 7200",
            "manufacturer": "3M",
            "fluid_type": "two-phase fluorocarbon-engineered-fluid",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": "",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "0.43 (at 25C)",
            "flash_point_c": "None (non-flammable)",
            "pour_point_c": "-138",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.068",
            "density_g_cm3": "1.43",
            "boiling_point_c": "76",
            "gwp": "55",
            "typical_use": "Two-phase immersion cooling; higher boiling point than Novec 7100",
            "source_url": "https://www.lookpolymers.com/polymer_3M-Novec-7200-Engineered-Fluid.php"
        },
        {
            "name": "3M Novec 7500",
            "manufacturer": "3M",
            "fluid_type": "two-phase fluorocarbon-engineered-fluid",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": "35 (0.1in gap)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "0.50 (at 50C)",
            "flash_point_c": "None (non-flammable)",
            "pour_point_c": "-100",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.065",
            "density_g_cm3": "1.60",
            "boiling_point_c": "128",
            "gwp": "90",
            "typical_use": "Single- or two-phase immersion; high boiling point suits direct-contact server cooling",
            "source_url": "https://www.lookpolymers.com/polymer_3M-Novec-7500-Engineered-Fluid.php"
        },
        {
            "name": "3M Novec 649 (fluoroketone, FK-5-1-12)",
            "manufacturer": "3M",
            "fluid_type": "two-phase fluorocarbon-engineered-fluid",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": ">40 (0.1in gap)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "0.40 (at 25C)",
            "flash_point_c": "None (non-flammable)",
            "pour_point_c": "-108",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.059",
            "density_g_cm3": "1.60",
            "boiling_point_c": "49",
            "gwp": "1",
            "typical_use": "Two-phase immersion; low-GWP fluoroketone (also marketed as a clean fire-suppression agent, Novec 1230)",
            "source_url": "https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/569865O/3m-novec-engineered-fluid-649.pdf"
        },
        {
            "name": "3M Fluorinert FC-40",
            "manufacturer": "3M",
            "fluid_type": "two-phase fluorocarbon-engineered-fluid",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": "46 (0.1in gap)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "2.2 (at 25C)",
            "flash_point_c": "None (non-flammable)",
            "pour_point_c": "-57",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.062",
            "density_g_cm3": "1.855",
            "boiling_point_c": "165",
            "gwp": ">5000 (high; perfluorocarbon)",
            "typical_use": "Two-phase immersion at high boiling point; legacy perfluorocarbon, long atmospheric lifetime",
            "source_url": "https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/64888O/3m-fluorinert-electronic-liquid-fc-40.pdf"
        },
        {
            "name": "Galden HT-55 (PFPE)",
            "manufacturer": "Syensqo (Solvay)",
            "fluid_type": "two-phase fluorocarbon-engineered-fluid",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": "40 (2.5mm gap)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "0.45 (at 25C)",
            "flash_point_c": "None (non-flammable)",
            "pour_point_c": "-110",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.065",
            "density_g_cm3": "1.65",
            "boiling_point_c": "55",
            "gwp": "High (~9000-10000; perfluoropolyether)",
            "typical_use": "Two-phase immersion; lowest-boiling Galden HT grade",
            "source_url": "https://www.lesker.com/newweb/fluids/heattransfer-galden-ht/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Galden HT-110 (PFPE)",
            "manufacturer": "Syensqo (Solvay)",
            "fluid_type": "two-phase fluorocarbon-engineered-fluid",
            "dielectric_strength_kv": "40 (2.5mm gap)",
            "kinematic_viscosity_cst_40c": "0.77 (at 25C)",
            "flash_point_c": "None (non-flammable)",
            "pour_point_c": "-100",
            "thermal_conductivity_w_mk": "0.065",
            "density_g_cm3": "1.71",
            "boiling_point_c": "110",
            "gwp": "High (~9000-10000; perfluoropolyether)",
            "typical_use": "Two-phase immersion; higher-boiling Galden HT grade",
            "source_url": "https://www.lesker.com/newweb/fluids/heattransfer-galden-ht/"
        }
    ]
}