{
    "meta": {
        "title": "Right-to-Repair Legislation Tracker",
        "description": "Machine-readable tracker of 12 right-to-repair laws by jurisdiction (US states, the EU, and Canada) with law/bill name and citation, status, effective or signed date, scope, plain summary and the official government source.",
        "generated": "2026-06-27T14:53:44+00:00",
        "version": "1.0",
        "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "license_name": "CC BY 4.0",
        "source": "https://d-central.tech/right-to-repair-laws/",
        "record_count": 12,
        "disclaimer": "Informational reference only — not legal advice. Repair laws change, take effect on staggered dates, and depend on implementing rules. Verify the current text on the official source linked in each row, and consult a professional before relying on any provision. Each row was last verified 2026-06-27."
    },
    "rows": [
        {
            "jurisdiction": "New York",
            "country": "United States",
            "law_name": "Digital Fair Repair Act",
            "citation": "S4104A — Chapter 810, Laws of 2022",
            "status": "In force",
            "signed_date": "2022-12-28",
            "effective_date": "2023-12-28",
            "scope": "Consumer electronics",
            "summary": "Requires makers of digital electronic equipment to give owners and independent repair shops the same parts, tools and documentation provided to authorized repairers; applies to equipment first made or sold in New York on or after July 1, 2023.",
            "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2021/S4104",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "Minnesota",
            "country": "United States",
            "law_name": "Digital Fair Repair Act",
            "citation": "Minn. Stat. 325E.72 (HF 2680, 2023)",
            "status": "In force",
            "signed_date": "",
            "effective_date": "2024-07-01",
            "scope": "Consumer electronics",
            "summary": "Manufacturers must make the documentation, parts and tools needed to diagnose, maintain or repair digital electronic equipment available to owners and independent repair providers on fair and reasonable terms; covers equipment sold on or after July 1, 2021.",
            "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/325E.72",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "California",
            "country": "United States",
            "law_name": "Right to Repair Act",
            "citation": "SB 244 — Chapter 704, Statutes of 2023",
            "status": "In force",
            "signed_date": "2023-10-10",
            "effective_date": "2024-07-01",
            "scope": "Consumer electronics and appliances",
            "summary": "Manufacturers must supply repair parts, tools and documentation for covered electronics and appliances — three years for products priced $50 to $99.99 and seven years for products $100 and above — after the last unit is manufactured.",
            "source_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB244",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "Colorado",
            "country": "United States",
            "law_name": "Consumer Right to Repair Agricultural Equipment",
            "citation": "HB23-1011",
            "status": "In force",
            "signed_date": "2023-04-25",
            "effective_date": "2024-01-01",
            "scope": "Agricultural equipment",
            "summary": "Manufacturers of agricultural equipment must provide owners and independent technicians the resources, embedded software, tools and documentation needed to diagnose, maintain and repair farm machinery.",
            "source_url": "https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/hb23-1011",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "Oregon",
            "country": "United States",
            "law_name": "Right to Repair Act",
            "citation": "SB 1596 — Oregon Laws 2024, Chapter 69",
            "status": "In force",
            "signed_date": "2024-03-27",
            "effective_date": "2025-01-01",
            "scope": "Consumer electronics",
            "summary": "Manufacturers must provide owners and independent repairers the parts, tools and documentation for consumer electronics and may not use software 'parts pairing' to block fully functional replacement parts — the first US state law to restrict parts pairing.",
            "source_url": "https://olis.oregonlegislature.gov/liz/2024R1/Measures/Overview/SB1596",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "Washington",
            "country": "United States",
            "law_name": "Right to Repair (digital electronic products)",
            "citation": "HB 1483 (2025-26)",
            "status": "Enacted",
            "signed_date": "2025-05-19",
            "effective_date": "2026-01-01",
            "scope": "Consumer electronics",
            "summary": "Manufacturers must provide parts, tools and documentation for digital electronic products on fair and reasonable terms and may not impose parts-pairing restrictions; compliance obligations begin January 1, 2026 for products sold on or after July 1, 2021.",
            "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/billsummary?BillNumber=1483&Year=2025",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "Massachusetts",
            "country": "United States",
            "law_name": "Motor Vehicle Right to Repair / Data Access Law",
            "citation": "2020 Ballot Question 1 (amends M.G.L. c. 93K)",
            "status": "In force",
            "signed_date": "",
            "effective_date": "2020-11-03",
            "scope": "Automotive (telematics)",
            "summary": "Vehicles with telematics from model year 2022 onward must use a standardized, owner-authorized open data platform so owners and independent shops can access mechanical and diagnostic data.",
            "source_url": "https://www.mass.gov/news/ballot-question-1-right-to-repair",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "European Union",
            "country": "European Union",
            "law_name": "Right to Repair Directive",
            "citation": "Directive (EU) 2024/1799",
            "status": "In force",
            "signed_date": "2024-06-13",
            "effective_date": "2024-07-30",
            "scope": "Consumer goods (general)",
            "summary": "Obliges manufacturers to repair certain consumer goods on the consumer's request, including after the legal guarantee period, and sets EU-wide repair information, spare-parts and repairer-platform rules; member states must transpose it into national law by July 31, 2026.",
            "source_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/1799/oj",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "European Union",
            "country": "European Union",
            "law_name": "Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR)",
            "citation": "Regulation (EU) 2024/1781",
            "status": "In force",
            "signed_date": "2024-06-13",
            "effective_date": "2024-07-18",
            "scope": "General products (ecodesign)",
            "summary": "Framework regulation empowering the EU to set product-specific ecodesign requirements covering durability, reparability, spare-parts availability and an optional repairability score; individual product rules are adopted over time.",
            "source_url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "Canada (federal)",
            "country": "Canada",
            "law_name": "Copyright Act amendment — diagnosis, maintenance and repair",
            "citation": "Bill C-244 (44th Parliament)",
            "status": "Enacted (Royal Assent)",
            "signed_date": "",
            "effective_date": "2024-11-07",
            "scope": "General (copyright / TPM)",
            "summary": "Amends the Copyright Act to permit circumventing a technological protection measure solely to diagnose, maintain or repair a product, removing a copyright barrier to repair.",
            "source_url": "https://www.parl.ca/legisinfo/en/bill/44-1/c-244",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "Canada (federal)",
            "country": "Canada",
            "law_name": "Copyright Act amendment — interoperability",
            "citation": "Bill C-294 (44th Parliament) — S.C. 2024, c. 27",
            "status": "Enacted (Royal Assent)",
            "signed_date": "",
            "effective_date": "2024-11-07",
            "scope": "General (copyright / interoperability)",
            "summary": "Amends the Copyright Act to allow circumventing a technological protection measure to make a device or program interoperable with another, supporting compatible parts and software.",
            "source_url": "https://www.parl.ca/legisinfo/en/bill/44-1/c-294",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        },
        {
            "jurisdiction": "Quebec",
            "country": "Canada",
            "law_name": "Act protecting consumers from planned obsolescence and promoting durability, repairability and maintenance of goods",
            "citation": "Bill 29 (43rd Legislature, 1st Session)",
            "status": "Enacted (assented)",
            "signed_date": "",
            "effective_date": "2023-10-05",
            "scope": "Consumer goods (general)",
            "summary": "Reforms the Consumer Protection Act to prohibit programmed obsolescence, add a good-working-order warranty, and require that spare parts, repair information and tools be available for covered goods; provisions phase in through 2026.",
            "source_url": "https://www.opc.gouv.qc.ca/a-propos/loi-reglement/obsolescence",
            "last_verified": "2026-06-27"
        }
    ]
}