LuxOS Firmware Guide: Installation, Configuration & Advanced Features

LuxOS: Enterprise Firmware, Hacked for Home Miners

Your Antminer shipped with Bitmain’s stock firmware. It runs at a fixed frequency, pulls a fixed wattage, and requires a 240V circuit that most North American homes do not have. If your electrical panel cannot provide 240V at 20-30A for a single machine, Bitmain’s answer is simple: this product was not designed for you.

LuxOS says otherwise. Developed by Luxor Technology — the US-based company behind Hashrate Index, Luxor Mining Pool, and some of the most widely used infrastructure in institutional Bitcoin mining — LuxOS is aftermarket firmware that transforms Bitmain Antminers from rigid data-center appliances into configurable mining instruments with one headline feature that no other firmware can match: PSU Bypass Mode.

PSU Bypass Mode is the reason this guide exists. With a single toggle in the LuxOS interface, you can override Bitmain’s power supply compatibility check, connect your S19 or S21 series miner to a standard 120V/15A household outlet with a compatible PSU, and run it at reduced power — typically around 1,200W producing 52-56 TH/s. No electrician. No 240V circuit. No hardware modifications. Pure firmware. The barrier that kept industrial ASICs out of North American homes has been eliminated by a software toggle.

Beyond PSU Bypass, LuxOS brings Power Targeting — watt-level precision that automatically adjusts chip frequency and voltage to hold your machine at an exact power consumption regardless of ambient temperature swings. It brings Advanced Thermal Management (ATM) that progressively underclocks during heat events instead of hard-shutting the machine. It brings Hash on Disconnect to keep mining through internet outages. It brings sub-five-second curtailment to ~25W for demand response integration. And it is the first and only Bitcoin ASIC firmware to achieve SOC 2 Type 2 certification — a security compliance standard that institutional operators require and home miners benefit from indirectly through code quality and auditability.

LuxOS is commercial firmware with a 2.8% dev fee — but if you mine on Luxor Pool, pool fees are waived through a monthly rebate, effectively reducing the total cost to standard pool-fee levels. For home miners running PSU Bypass on 120V, pointing at Luxor Pool eliminates the dev fee premium entirely.

This guide covers everything: supported hardware, installation via LuxOS Commander and SD card, PSU Bypass Mode step-by-step, Power Targeting configuration, home mining optimization, fleet management, troubleshooting, and a full comparison with Braiins OS+, VNish, and stock firmware. Whether you are plugging your first S19k Pro into a bedroom outlet or deploying across a facility, this is the definitive LuxOS reference.

What Is LuxOS?

LuxOS is a commercial Linux-based replacement firmware for Bitmain Antminer ASIC miners, developed by Luxor Technology Corporation — a US-based Bitcoin mining infrastructure company. LuxOS is the first and only ASIC firmware to achieve SOC 2 Type 2 certification, meaning its development processes, security controls, and operational procedures have been independently audited against the AICPA’s Trust Services Criteria. In an industry where firmware runs with root access on machines worth thousands of dollars, this certification is not a marketing bullet point — it is a baseline assurance that the code handling your hardware has been developed under audited security practices.

Core Features

Power Targeting. This is LuxOS’s autotuner, and it works differently from competing firmware. Instead of setting a frequency in MHz and accepting whatever wattage results, you set a watt target and LuxOS continuously adjusts both frequency and voltage across all chips to hold that power level. The distinction matters in practice: ambient temperature changes that would cause a frequency-based system to drift in power consumption are automatically compensated. Your miner at 1,200W stays at 1,200W whether it is January or July. For home miners on fixed-capacity circuits, this predictability is essential.

PSU Bypass Mode. The feature that changes home mining. Bitmain’s stock firmware performs a power supply compatibility check at boot — if the PSU model string does not match the expected configuration, the miner refuses to start. This check exists to prevent operators from using undersized PSUs that could damage hardware. LuxOS’s PSU Bypass Mode overrides this software check while keeping all thermal and power protections active through Advanced Thermal Management. Combined with Power Targeting to limit wattage, this allows S19 and S21 series miners to operate on 120V-compatible PSUs at reduced power — typically 1,200W on a 15A/120V circuit.

Advanced Thermal Management (ATM). Unlike Bitmain’s “Low Power Mode” (which is a fixed underclock), ATM provides progressive, dynamic scaling. If chip temperatures rise during a midday heat spike, ATM progressively underclocks — perhaps 3% at first, then 5%, then 10% — and scales back up as conditions improve. The miner never hard-shuts. Uptime is maintained. This is particularly valuable for home miners without climate-controlled environments.

Hash on Disconnect. When your internet connection drops or your pool goes offline, stock firmware stops mining. LuxOS keeps hashing locally, maintaining heat output and consistent power draw. When connectivity is restored, the miner automatically reconnects and resumes submitting shares. For space heater operators, this means your heat output does not disappear every time your ISP hiccups.

Rapid Curtailment. LuxOS can drop power consumption to approximately 25W in under 5 seconds and restore full power in under 60 seconds. For operators participating in demand response programs (common in Texas/ERCOT, MISO, and NYISO markets), this enables revenue from both mining and grid services simultaneously.

Advanced Fan Control. Fan speed is configurable from 10% to 100% with independent minimum and maximum thresholds. Cold boot fan ramp is gradual instead of the stock firmware’s full-speed blast — eliminating the “jet engine startup” sound that wakes the household at 3 AM when the miner reboots after a power blip.

Pricing Model

The math for most home miners: LuxOS on Luxor Pool at 2.8% total is comparable to Braiins OS+ at ~2% dev fee plus ~1-2% pool fee on Braiins Pool. The cost structures are competitive, and the decision should come down to features, not fees. If PSU Bypass Mode is the reason you can mine at all — because you do not have 240V — then the dev fee is irrelevant. You are comparing “mining at 2.8% cost” versus “not mining at all.”

Supported Hardware

LuxOS supports Bitmain Antminer hardware only — no MicroBT Whatsminer, no Canaan Avalon. Within the Antminer lineup, support covers the S19 and S21 generations across air-cooled and hydro-cooled variants. Older models (S9, S17/T17) are not supported — if you run those, Braiins OS+ or VNish are your options.

Supported Antminer Models

Not Supported

LuxOS does not support:

• S9 / S9i / S9j — Use Braiins OS+ or VNish instead
• S17 / T17 series — Use VNish (Amlogic boards) or Braiins OS+ (Xilinx boards)
• MicroBT Whatsminer — No aftermarket firmware available
• Canaan Avalon — No aftermarket firmware available
• Innosilicon — No aftermarket firmware available

If you run an S9 as a space heater, LuxOS is not an option. Braiins OS+ remains the best choice for S9 and S17 hardware. See our Braiins OS+ Setup Guide for those models.

Pre-Installation Checklist

Before installing LuxOS, complete these steps to protect your hardware and ensure a smooth installation.

1. Back Up Your Current Configuration

Log in to your miner’s current web interface and record:

• Pool configuration: Pool URL(s), worker name, password for all pool slots
• Network settings: Static IP (if configured), DNS servers, gateway
• Current firmware version: Noted for rollback reference
• Hashboard serial numbers: Visible on the dashboard or system info page

2. Verify Your Model and Control Board

Check the supported hardware table above. You need to confirm:

• Model number: Printed on the miner’s label (e.g., “S19j Pro”)
• Hashboard code: Visible in the stock firmware’s system information page (e.g., “BHB42601”)
• Control board type: Amlogic or CVITEK — CVITEK boards require Remote Install
• Stock firmware date: March 2024 or newer requires Remote Install via Commander

3. Download LuxOS

Download the firmware from the official source only:

1. Navigate to luxor.tech/firmware
2. Download LuxOS Commander (for network installation) or the SD card image (for single-miner testing)
3. LuxOS Commander is available for Windows, macOS, and Linux

4. Electrical Safety Check (For PSU Bypass Users)

If you plan to use PSU Bypass Mode on 120V, verify before installation:

• Your circuit breaker rating (typically 15A or 20A for residential)
• No other high-draw appliances on the same circuit
• You have a 120V-compatible PSU (Bitmain APW3++ works; stock APW12 does not operate on 120V)
• A kill-a-watt or similar power meter to verify actual wall consumption

Installation Methods

LuxOS supports multiple installation paths depending on your situation. LuxOS Commander is the recommended method for most users.

Method 1: LuxOS Commander (Recommended)

LuxOS Commander is Luxor’s desktop application for firmware deployment and fleet management. It handles network scanning, firmware installation, configuration, and monitoring from a single interface.

Step 1: Download and Launch Commander

1. Download LuxOS Commander from luxor.tech/firmware
2. Install and launch the application
3. Accept the End User License Agreement

Step 2: Configure Your Network

1. Click “Configure Networks” in the top-right corner
2. Enter your miner’s IP address or range:
   • Single miner: 192.168.1.100
   • IP range: 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.255
   • CIDR notation: 192.168.1.0/24
3. Click “Save” and initiate a network scan
4. Enable “Auto-Sync” to retrieve detailed miner information

Step 3: Uninstall Third-Party Firmware (If Applicable)

If your miner is currently running Braiins OS+ or VNish, use Commander to uninstall the existing third-party firmware before installing LuxOS. This is available directly from the Commander interface.

Step 4: Install LuxOS

1. Select your miner(s) from the discovered devices list
2. Click “Install LuxOS”
3. Optionally click “Configure Installation” to pre-enable features like Autotuner and ATM (these can also be configured post-installation)
4. Review the EULA and click “Start Install”
5. Installation takes several minutes — do not power off during this process
6. The miner automatically reboots into LuxOS when complete

Method 2: SD Card Installation

The SD card method is ideal for testing LuxOS without committing — while running from SD, the miner’s NAND firmware remains untouched. Remove the SD card and your miner boots back to its previous firmware.

Requirements

• MicroSD card (1 GB or larger — quality matters more than size)
• SD card reader for your computer
• balenaEtcher (free, cross-platform disk imaging tool)
• LuxOS SD card image downloaded from luxor.tech/firmware

Flashing Process

1. Download the LuxOS SD card image for your specific model from luxor.tech/firmware
2. Extract the downloaded archive to reveal the firmware image file
3. Launch balenaEtcher and select the extracted firmware image as the source
4. Select your SD card as the target drive (double-check — this operation erases the card)
5. Click “Flash” and wait for the write and verification to complete
6. Power off your miner completely — unplug from the wall
7. Insert the SD card into the MicroSD slot on the miner’s control board (left of the ethernet port on most models)
8. Reconnect power — the miner boots from the SD card automatically
9. Wait 3-5 minutes for the initial boot sequence to complete
10. Access the LuxOS dashboard at http://<miner-ip>

Method 3: Web UI Upgrade (Existing LuxOS)

If LuxOS is already installed and you need to update to a newer version:

1. Navigate to your miner’s IP in a web browser
2. Go to Settings → Firmware
3. Click “Check and Install Last Update”
4. The system checks for updates on the stable branch and installs automatically
5. The miner reboots in the background when complete

Method 4: LuxOS Installer (CLI / Mass Deployment)

For operators managing large fleets, the LuxOS Installer is a CLI executable that provides:

• REST API server for programmatic remote installations
• Direct bash commands for single-device installations
• CSV-driven bulk installation — feed a list of IP addresses and deploy to hundreds of machines
• Integration with fleet management platforms like Foreman

The LuxOS Installer is the tool for operators with 50+ machines who need scriptable, automated deployment pipelines. Download from the Luxor documentation portal.

Post-Installation Configuration

First Login

1. Find your miner’s IP address:
   • Check your router’s DHCP client list (typically at 192.168.0.1 or 192.168.1.1)
   • Use a network scanner like AngryIP Scanner or nmap -sn 192.168.1.0/24
   • LuxOS Commander shows discovered miners with their IPs
2. Open http://<miner-ip> in your browser (HTTP, not HTTPS)
3. Default credentials: username root, password root
4. Change the default password immediately — your miner has root SSH access

Pool Configuration

1. Navigate to Pools → Add Pool in the LuxOS dashboard
2. Enter your pool details:
   • URL: Your pool’s Stratum address (e.g., stratum+tcp://btc.global.luxor.tech:700 for Luxor Pool)
   • Username: Your pool username/wallet + worker name (format varies by pool)
   • Password: Typically 123 or x (pool-dependent)
3. Configure backup pools in slots 2 and 3 for failover
4. Worker stats should appear in your pool dashboard within approximately 5 minutes

LuxOS includes Smart Switch — it checks your primary pool every 60 seconds (configurable) and automatically reverts from a backup pool to your primary when it becomes available. You can also configure connection timeouts, maximum error thresholds, and backoff-on-error behavior for unstable network conditions.

Enable Autotuner / Power Targeting

1. In LuxOS Commander or the web dashboard, navigate to Configure Miners
2. Go to Power → Autotuner Mode
3. Select “Enable”
4. Set your desired Power Target in watts (for Power Targeting-supported models) or Max Profile for frequency-based models
5. Review and apply changes

On Power Targeting-supported models (S19 XP, S21 series, T21), you set an exact wattage and LuxOS continuously adjusts frequency and voltage to hold that target. On legacy models, you select a preset profile that maps to a frequency setting. In both cases, ATM operates as an additional safety layer, throttling if thermal conditions require it.

Configure Advanced Thermal Management (ATM)

1. In the configuration menu, navigate to the ATM section
2. Set your “Max Profile” — the upper performance ceiling ATM will manage within
3. Leave the minimum profile undefined to allow automatic downclocking during heat events
4. ATM will dynamically scale between minimum and maximum based on real-time chip temperatures

PSU Bypass Mode: Run Your ASIC on 120V

This is the feature that makes LuxOS a category-defining firmware for home miners in North America. PSU Bypass Mode eliminates the single biggest barrier to running an industrial ASIC miner at home: the 240V power requirement.

How PSU Bypass Mode Works

Bitmain’s stock firmware performs a PSU model string check at boot. If the power supply does not match the expected model for that miner (e.g., an APW12 for an S19), the firmware refuses to initialize. This is a software restriction — a safety check designed for data center environments where using the wrong PSU could damage equipment.

LuxOS PSU Bypass Mode overrides this software check. It tells the firmware: “I know what PSU I am using, skip the compatibility validation.” Critically, all thermal and power protections remain fully active — Advanced Thermal Management continues monitoring chip temperatures, and Power Targeting enforces your wattage ceiling. The only thing bypassed is the PSU model string validation.

The practical result: you can connect a 120V-compatible PSU (like the Bitmain APW3++) to an S19k Pro, enable PSU Bypass, set a Power Target of 1,200W, and the miner operates on a standard 15A/120V household outlet. No electrician. No new circuit. No hardware modification board. Pure firmware.

Compatible Hardware for 120V Operation

The S19k Pro is the most popular choice for 120V home mining. Its BM1387-based architecture responds well to undervolting, and the APW3++ PSU is widely available, proven on 120V, and affordable on the secondary market. D-Central stocks both the S19k Pro and the APW3++ — see our ASIC Miners and Power Supplies pages.

PSU Bypass Mode: Step-by-Step Setup

1. Install LuxOS using one of the methods described above
2. Connect your 120V-compatible PSU (APW3++) to the miner’s hashboard and control board power connectors
3. Plug into a dedicated 120V/15A circuit — nothing else on this circuit except the miner
4. Log in to the LuxOS dashboard at http://<miner-ip>
5. Navigate to Advanced Settings
6. Enable “PSU Bypass Mode” toggle
7. Set the Power Target to 1,200W maximum:
   • 15A circuit at 120V = 1,800W theoretical max
   • 80% continuous load rule (NEC/CEC) = 1,440W safe maximum
   • 1,200W target leaves margin for PSU inefficiency (7-10% overhead) and inrush current
8. Enable ATM to protect against thermal issues at the reduced power level
9. Configure fan speeds — at 1,200W you can run fans at lower speeds for reduced noise
10. Verify with a power meter — plug a kill-a-watt or similar meter between the PSU and the wall outlet to confirm actual wall consumption stays below 1,440W

Safety Considerations

• The 80% rule is law, not a suggestion. The National Electrical Code (NEC) and Canadian Electrical Code (CEC) require that continuous loads (running 3+ hours — which includes 24/7 mining) not exceed 80% of the circuit breaker’s rating. A 15A breaker = 12A maximum continuous = 1,440W at 120V. A 20A breaker = 16A / 1,920W.
• Dedicated circuit. Do not share the circuit with other appliances. A fridge, space heater, or vacuum on the same circuit will trip the breaker or worse.
• PSU efficiency overhead. Your PSU is approximately 91-93% efficient. If LuxOS reports 1,200W at the board, the wall draw is approximately 1,290-1,320W. Factor this into your circuit calculations.
• No extension cords. Plug directly into a wall outlet. Extension cords add resistance, generate heat at connections, and are a fire risk at sustained 1,200W+ loads.
• Use the correct PSU. The stock APW12 that ships with S19 models does NOT operate on 120V. You need an APW3++ or another PSU rated for 120V input. Using the wrong PSU will result in immediate failure.
• Monitor wall temperature. Check the outlet and wall plate after the first hour of operation. If warm to the touch, the circuit or outlet may be undersized. Stop immediately and consult an electrician.

Limitations

• Reduced hashrate. An S19k Pro at 1,200W produces ~52-56 TH/s instead of its stock 115 TH/s at 3,250W. You are trading hashrate for accessibility.
• Efficiency tradeoff. At reduced power, efficiency is approximately 21-23 J/TH — roughly similar to stock. The dramatic efficiency gains that Braiins OS+ achieves through per-chip autotuning are not LuxOS’s primary selling point. LuxOS’s advantage is access — the ability to mine on 120V at all.
• PSU availability. APW3++ units are secondary-market items. They are available, but not as cheap or plentiful as they once were. D-Central maintains stock — check our Power Supply category.
• CVITEK boards. Some newer production S19k Pro units have CVITEK control boards that require Remote Install via Commander.

Home Mining Optimization

LuxOS was built for institutional miners, but its feature set maps remarkably well to home mining when configured correctly.

Power Limiting for Noise and Heat Reduction

Even if you have a 240V circuit and do not need PSU Bypass, Power Targeting lets you dial your miner to exactly the power level your home can tolerate:

• Noise is proportional to heat, which is proportional to power. Cutting power from 3,250W to 2,000W reduces heat output by ~38%, which means fans run slower, which means dramatically less noise. The difference between stock fan speed (75+ dB) and reduced-power fan speed (55-60 dB) is the difference between “unusable in a home” and “manageable in a basement.”
• Start at 60% of stock power and increase by 100-200W increments until you find the balance between hashrate and livability.
• Use fan speed controls — LuxOS lets you set a minimum fan speed as low as 10%. At reduced power, you may be able to run fans at 30-40% without thermal issues, achieving near-silence.

Scheduling: Mine When Power Is Cheap

If your utility charges time-of-use rates (common in Ontario, Quebec, and many US states), you can use LuxOS’s curtailment API to automate power scheduling:

• Full power during off-peak hours (typically 9 PM to 7 AM and weekends) when electricity is cheapest
• Reduced power or idle during peak hours (typically 7 AM to 9 PM weekdays) to avoid premium rates
• API-driven automation — LuxOS exposes curtailment commands that can be triggered by scripts, home automation (Home Assistant), or third-party energy management platforms

The curtailment API supports configurable ramp speeds via voltage_step and frequency_step parameters, with an optional wakeup mode that ramps boards safely on restart. For aggressive scheduling, an “unsafe” mode sets frequency and voltage in a single step for maximum speed.

Integration with D-Central Bitcoin Space Heaters

LuxOS + PSU Bypass Mode + D-Central Space Heater enclosure = the ultimate home mining setup. Here is why this combination works:

• A D-Central Bitcoin Space Heater encloses the miner in a purpose-built housing with silent fans and directional heat output
• LuxOS PSU Bypass Mode allows the space heater to run on a standard 120V outlet — no electrician, no 240V circuit
• Power Targeting holds the wattage constant, producing predictable, consistent heat output
• Hash on Disconnect keeps the heat flowing even during internet outages
• At 1,200W, your space heater produces ~4,095 BTU/hr — equivalent to a medium-sized electric space heater, while also mining Bitcoin

The conversion is absolute: 1W = 3.412 BTU/hr. Every watt consumed by your miner becomes heat. The only question is whether you capture and direct that heat productively. A Space Heater enclosure does exactly that.

Hashprice Optimization & Power Targeting

Hashprice — the revenue earned per terahash per day, expressed in USD/TH/day — fluctuates constantly based on Bitcoin’s price, network difficulty, and transaction fee levels. LuxOS’s Power Targeting feature interacts with hashprice in a way that matters for home miners.

How Power Targeting Works

Traditional frequency-based tuning (used by stock firmware and some custom firmwares) has a problem: you set a frequency, and the resulting power consumption changes with ambient temperature. In a hot room, chips draw more current at the same frequency. In a cold room, they draw less. Your power consumption — and therefore your electricity cost — becomes unpredictable.

LuxOS Power Targeting inverts this. You set a watt target, and the firmware continuously adjusts frequency and voltage to hit that target regardless of temperature. The result:

For home miners, the BTU planning row is the most important. If you are using your miner as a space heater, you need consistent heat output. Power Targeting delivers that consistency where frequency-based tuning cannot.

Automatic Profitability Adjustment

While LuxOS does not have a built-in “auto-profitability” mode that shuts down when mining is unprofitable, the combination of Power Targeting + ATM + curtailment API provides the building blocks. An operator can:

1. Set a Power Target that keeps electricity costs below the expected hashprice revenue
2. Use ATM to automatically reduce power (and cost) during heat events
3. Script the curtailment API to shut down during peak-rate hours and restart during off-peak
4. Adjust the Power Target seasonally based on difficulty and hashprice trends

Fleet Management

For operators running more than one miner — whether a home setup with 3-5 machines or a facility with hundreds — LuxOS Commander and the Luxor ecosystem provide fleet-wide control.

LuxOS Commander Dashboard

• Network scanning: Auto-discover all miners on your network via IP range or CIDR
• Batch configuration: Change pool settings, Power Targets, fan speeds, and ATM profiles across all selected miners simultaneously
• Firmware updates: Push new LuxOS versions to multiple miners in parallel (configurable concurrency — default 10)
• Monitoring: Real-time hashrate, temperature, power consumption, and pool status for all miners
• Labeling: Tag miners with custom labels for easy identification and filtering

Automatic Updates

LuxOS supports configurable auto-updates with three software branches:

• Stable — Production-ready releases (recommended for most users)
• Preview — Near-final releases for testing new features
• Testing — Cutting-edge builds for adventurous operators

Update check intervals are configurable (default: every 60 minutes). Automatic actions on update availability can be set to Download Only, Apply, or Full Restart.

Foreman Integration

LuxOS integrates with Foreman, a third-party fleet management platform used by many institutional mining operations. Through Foreman, you can manage LuxOS miners alongside other firmware types from a unified dashboard with bulk controls, historical performance data, and alert systems.

Troubleshooting

Miner Not Initializing After Install

Symptoms: Miner powers on, fans spin, but hashboards do not start mining. Dashboard shows “Failed to Initialize” errors.

Solutions:

1. Wait for full boot. Initial LuxOS boot can take 3-5 minutes. Do not power cycle during this period.
2. Check hashboard compatibility. Verify your hashboard code is in the supported hardware table. If you see the error “Multiple board types detected at once; startup will be aborted,” you may have mismatched hashboards from a repair or the boards are not supported.
3. Check I2C communication. The error “No I2C addresses found; startup will be aborted” indicates a hardware-level communication failure between the control board and hashboards. Reseat hashboard data cables and power connections.
4. CVITEK boards require Remote Install. If you used the SD card method on a CVITEK control board, switch to Remote Install via LuxOS Commander.
5. Reboot and retry. For ASIC initialization failures (BOARD_ASIC_INIT_FAILURE), a simple reboot often resolves the issue. If failure persists after multiple reboots (BOARD_ASIC_INIT_SHUTDOWN), there is likely hardware damage on the hashboard.

Fewer Chips Than Expected

Symptoms: Miner runs but hashrate is significantly lower than expected. Dashboard shows fewer ASIC chips than the model should have.

Solutions:

1. Check for hardware damage. Dead ASIC chips are a hardware problem, not a firmware issue. A few dead chips (1-3 per board) may be acceptable on older hardware. More than 5 per board typically requires hashboard repair.
2. Verify thermal paste. On miners that have been opened or repaired, incomplete thermal paste coverage can cause individual chips to overheat and shut down.
3. Reseat hashboard connections. Poor contact on the data ribbon cable can cause chip communication failures.
4. Contact D-Central repair. If a hashboard consistently shows dead chips, professional diagnosis can determine whether the issue is repairable at the chip level. Call 1-855-753-9997 or visit our ASIC Repair page.

Network Connection Issues

Symptoms: Miner cannot connect to pools, dashboard shows network errors, or miner does not appear on network after installation.

Solutions:

1. Verify DHCP. LuxOS requires DHCP. If your network uses static IP assignment, ensure DHCP is enabled on your router for the miner’s subnet.
2. Check DNS. Verify the miner can resolve external hostnames. Some consumer routers have DNS issues — try configuring DNS to 8.8.8.8 or 1.1.1.1 in your router settings.
3. Pool URL format. Include the protocol prefix (stratum+tcp://) and correct port. Common mistake: using the pool’s web dashboard URL instead of the Stratum URL.
4. Avoid special characters in worker names. Stick to alphanumerics, dots, and underscores.
5. Scan your network. If the miner’s IP changed, use LuxOS Commander’s network scan, AngryIP Scanner, or nmap -sn 192.168.1.0/24 to find it.

Temperature Warnings and Throttling

Symptoms: ATM is aggressively underclocking. Fans at 100%. Dashboard shows temperature warnings.

Solutions:

1. Reduce Power Target. The simplest and most effective fix. Lower by 200-500W and monitor.
2. Improve ventilation. Minimum 6 inches of clearance on intake and exhaust sides. Do not enclose the miner in a closet without dedicated ventilation.
3. Clean the miner. Dust buildup on heatsinks and fans is the #1 cause of progressive temperature increase. Compressed air cleaning every 2-3 months.
4. Check ambient temperature. LuxOS ATM will handle seasonal variations dynamically, but if room temperature exceeds 35°C, consider relocating the miner.
5. Inspect fans. A failed fan reduces cooling capacity dramatically. LuxOS monitors fan RPM and will warn about fan failures.
6. OverTempAutoRecovery. LuxOS automatically attempts to recover hashboards that shut down due to dangerous temperatures. After 5 failed recovery attempts, the hashboard stays offline until conditions improve. This is a safety feature — do not override it.

PSU Bypass Issues

Symptoms: Miner trips the breaker, fails to start with PSU Bypass enabled, or shows PSU errors.

Solutions:

1. Verify PSU 120V compatibility. The APW3++ supports 120V input. The stock APW12 does NOT. Using the wrong PSU will result in failure.
2. Lower Power Target. If tripping the breaker, your combined miner + PSU overhead exceeds the circuit capacity. Reduce Power Target to 1,000-1,100W.
3. Use a power meter. Measure actual wall draw — it will be 7-10% higher than LuxOS reports due to PSU conversion losses.
4. Dedicated circuit. Verify nothing else is on the same breaker. Even a light fixture on a shared circuit reduces your available capacity.
5. Check power cable connections. The APW3++ connects to the miner via multiple PCIe-to-6-pin cables. Ensure all connections are secure — a loose connection can cause intermittent power delivery issues.

Reverting to Stock Firmware

If you need to return to stock Bitmain firmware (covered in our Antminer firmware update guide):

• SD card method: If LuxOS was installed via SD card, simply power off, remove the SD card, and power on. The miner boots from its original NAND firmware.
• Commander method: Use LuxOS Commander’s “Uninstall” option to revert to stock firmware.
• Manual SD flash: Download the stock Bitmain firmware (covered in our Antminer firmware update guide) for your model from D-Central’s firmware library, flash it to an SD card using balenaEtcher, and boot the miner with the SD card inserted.

LuxOS vs. Braiins OS+ vs. VNish vs. Stock Firmware

Every custom firmware has trade-offs. This comparison covers the features that matter most for the decision.

D-Central’s Recommendation

Running an S19/S21 on 120V? LuxOS is your only option. PSU Bypass Mode is exclusive to LuxOS. If your entire mining plan depends on plugging into a standard household outlet, the decision is already made.

Running an S9 or S17 as a space heater? LuxOS does not support these models. Use Braiins OS+ for its per-chip autotuning and power target mode. See our Braiins OS+ Setup Guide.

Care about Stratum V2 and transaction selection? Braiins OS+ is the only firmware with native Stratum V2 and job negotiation. If censorship resistance at the protocol level matters to you — and we believe it should — Braiins OS+ is the pick for that reason alone.

Running S19/S21 on 240V and want maximum efficiency? Both Braiins OS+ and LuxOS offer strong autotuning. Braiins OS+ has a longer track record with per-chip optimization. LuxOS’s Power Targeting approach is newer but delivers excellent results, especially on S21-generation hardware. Test both on a single machine and compare your J/TH numbers after 48 hours.

Institutional operator needing compliance documentation? LuxOS is the only SOC 2 Type 2 certified firmware. If your investors, insurers, or regulators require security compliance paperwork, this is a checkbox that only LuxOS checks.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why D-Central for Firmware & Mining Hardware

D-Central Technologies has been the “Bitcoin Mining Hackers” since 2016. Taking institutional-grade mining hardware and making it work for home miners — through firmware optimization, custom builds, and expert repair — is what we do every day at our facility in Laval, Quebec.

LuxOS changes the equation for home miners in North America. For years, the 240V requirement was the hard wall between industrial ASIC miners and the millions of homes running 120V circuits. PSU Bypass Mode demolishes that wall with a firmware toggle. Power Targeting keeps your electricity consumption predictable. Hash on Disconnect keeps your heat flowing through internet outages. Advanced Thermal Management keeps your hardware safe without the crude shutdown-or-nothing approach of stock firmware.

If you have an S19 or S21 and a 120V outlet, LuxOS makes you a miner. If you have a D-Central Space Heater, LuxOS makes you a miner who heats their home for free. If you run a facility, LuxOS gives you SOC 2 compliance, sub-five-second curtailment, and fleet management tools that scale.

Install it. Set your Power Target. Enable PSU Bypass if you need it. Point your hashrate at a pool. Every hash counts.

Stack sats. Heat your home. Decentralize hashrate. This is how the Bitcoin Mining Hackers do it.