Hashcenter Power Planner: 3-Phase Service & PDU Sizing

Plan commercial three-phase power for a Hashcenter. An individual ASIC power supply is a single-phase load, so a Hashcenter distributes single-phase miners across the three phases of a 3-phase panel or PDU to balance the load — per-branch sizing stays single-phase, while total service capacity follows the three-phase formula. Enter your service voltage and amperage to size how many miners fit and the per-pod branch each one needs.

This is an informational planning method, not an installation spec: a licensed electrician must design, size and verify every service, feeder, transformer and branch circuit against the current Canadian Electrical Code (or local code) and any provincial amendments.

Quick answer

A Hashcenter does not run miners "on 3-phase" — each ASIC power supply is a single-phase load. What 3-phase buys you is a big service you split evenly across three phases so no single phase is overloaded. Size the whole service with the three-phase formula (usable kVA = √3 × line-to-line volts × amps × 0.80, the 80% continuous-load rule), then divide your single-phase miners as evenly as possible across the three phases. This planner does both: total capacity, how many miners fit, the phase-balance split, and the per-pod branch math — using each miner's real wall watts from our Bible-grounded ASIC power dataset.

Worked example — a 208V/100A three-phase service delivers about 36.0 kVA, or ~28.8 kVA (~28.2 kW) usable after the 80% continuous derate. That is roughly 8 Antminer S19 (3,250 W) miners, balanced ~3/3/2 across the three phase-pairs at about 74% of the main. Individual miners stay single-phase; the panel is what is three-phase. Informational only — a licensed electrician must size and verify every circuit.

Safety-critical electrical content. Commercial three-phase power is dangerous and code-governed. Everything here is a planning method, not an installation spec. The Canadian Electrical Code (CEC Rule 8-104, continuous loads) is the primary reference here; the US NEC (210.19(A), 210.20(A), 215) is secondary. In Québec the CEC applies with amendments (Code de construction du Québec, Chapitre V — Électricité). A licensed electrician must design, size and verify every service, feeder, transformer and branch circuit.

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Commercial 3-phase voltage systems

Service	Line-to-line	Line-to-neutral	How a miner connects
208Y/120V wye	208V	120V	Miner connects line-to-line (across 2 of the 3 phases) at 208V The most common North-American commercial building service (4-wire wye). 120V line-to-neutral feeds standard receptacles/lighting; 208V line-to-line feeds the miners. NOTE: 208V is below the 220–240V many PSUs target — an APW12 (200–240V) and APW17 (200–277V) run fine at 208V, but at 208V a miner draws ~15% more current than at 240V for the same watts (240/208≈1.154), so size branch conductors/breakers on the 208V current. A few 220–240V-minimum PSUs may under-deliver or not start at 208V — confirm the PSU input range.
240V delta (3-phase, high-leg)	240V	120V	Miner connects line-to-line at 240V A 4-wire center-tapped "high-leg" (a.k.a. wild-leg / red-leg) delta, common in older industrial and rural services. Two phases give 120V to neutral; the third "high leg" reads ~208V to neutral (240×√3⁄2 ≈ 207.8V) and must NEVER feed 120V loads or a standard neutral-referenced circuit. Miners take the full 240V line-to-line, which suits 220–240V PSUs well.
415Y/240V wye	415V	240V	Miner connects line-to-neutral at 240V A wye service where each phase-to-neutral is 240V — so a single-phase miner connects line-to-neutral and sees a clean 240V with NO step-down transformer. Standard in much of the world and increasingly used at large North-American sites precisely because it feeds 240V miners directly while balancing three phases. (International/IEC framing; verify local code applies.)
400Y/230V wye	400V	230V	Miner connects line-to-neutral at 230V The IEC / European standard three-phase service (400V line-to-line, 230V line-to-neutral). Miners connect line-to-neutral at 230V, no step-down needed. Included for international Hashcenter planning; North-American installs use 208V or 240V.
480Y/277V wye	480V	277V	Requires a step-down transformer (480V → 208V or 240V) feeding a miner sub-panel A large industrial / utility-scale service. Miners CANNOT run directly on 480V, and the 277V line-to-neutral is for commercial lighting only. Large Hashcenters take 480V, then step down through a transformer to a 208V or 240V sub-panel that feeds the miner PDUs. The service kVA still follows the √3 formula; the transformer and the 208/240V secondary are sized to the miner load (≥125% continuous). This planner reports how many miners the 480V service can feed through such a transformer, but the per-branch sizing happens on the secondary.

Common PDU form factors

A three-phase PDU internally splits its outlets across the three phase-pairs, so the single-phase miners it powers come out balanced. Amperages below are standard NEMA / IEC 60309 catalog ratings, not a D-Central spec — confirm the nameplate of the exact PDU and your local code.

Form factor	Input	Standard ratings	Outlets
Single-phase 208/240V rack PDU The simplest option: one single-phase 208V or 240V branch runs a small string of miners. You balance phases at the PANEL by feeding different PDUs from different phase-pairs.	NEMA L6-20 / L6-30 or IEC 60309 2P+E (blue) inlet	20A · 30A · 50A · 60A	IEC C13 / C19
3-phase 208V wye PDU One 3-phase feed; the PDU distributes its 208V (line-to-line) outlets evenly across A-B / B-C / C-A so the miners it powers are inherently phase-balanced. The single most common Hashcenter rack PDU.	IEC 60309 3P+N+E (4P+E) pin-and-sleeve inlet	30A · 50A · 60A (IEC 60309 families: 32A · 63A)	IEC C13 / C19, internally split across the 3 phase-pairs
3-phase 415/400V wye PDU Feeds 240V/230V miners line-to-neutral with no step-down. Common internationally and at large sites; the PDU balances outlets across the three phases.	IEC 60309 3P+N+E pin-and-sleeve inlet	32A · 63A (IEC 60309)	C13 / C19 at 240V (415V) or 230V (400V) line-to-neutral

Hashcenter service planner

Service apparent capacity—

Usable continuous (80% rule)—

Max continuous line current—

Miners that fit (balanced)—

Phase-balance split (A / B / C)—

Resulting per-line current—

Per-pod branch math (single-phase, one miner)

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Formula, constants & code basis

Three-phase apparent power   S(kVA) = √3 · V_LL · I_line ÷ 1000
Usable continuous (80% rule) S_usable = √3 · V_LL · I_line · 0.80
Real power at PF             P(kW) = S_usable · PF        (ASIC PSUs ~0.95–0.99)
Miners that fit             N = floor( P_usable_W ÷ W_miner )
Balanced per-line current    I_line = (N · W_miner ÷ PF) ÷ (√3 · V_LL)
Per-pod branch (1 miner)     I_branch = W_miner ÷ V_branch ÷ PF
                             min branch OCPD ≥ 1.25 · I_branch  (round UP to a
                             standard breaker; the electrician selects it)

KEY TRUTH: an individual ASIC PSU is a SINGLE-PHASE load. You never run one
miner on three phases — a Hashcenter DISTRIBUTES single-phase miners across
the three phases to balance the panel. On a 208V/240V wye, a miner connects
line-to-line (2 of 3 phases); on a 415/400V wye it connects line-to-neutral.

Code basis (verify current edition + local amendments):
  • CEC (Canada, primary) Rule 8-104 — continuous-load / max circuit loading
  • NEC (US, secondary) 210.19(A), 210.20(A) branch circuits; 215.2/215.3 feeders;
    Article 220 load calculation. The 80% rule = the inverse of the 125% rule.
  • Québec: CEC as amended by the Code de construction du Québec, Chapitre V.

Miner wall watts are single-sourced from the D-Central ASIC Power & Electrical Requirements dataset (Bible-grounded). Nominal system voltages follow ANSI C84.1 / IEC 60038. This tool is a planning method, not an installation spec; a licensed electrician must design and verify the installation.

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Last reviewed July 2, 2026.