Canadian Solar Resource: Peak Sun Hours & PV Potential by City
Quick answer
This reference gives the solar resource for 19 major Canadian cities: the annual PV potential (how many kWh a 1 kW south-facing, latitude-tilt panel produces per year) plus the mean daily peak-sun-hours in summer and the deep dip in winter. It is the geographic backbone for sizing a solar-powered Bitcoin node or seasonal off-grid mining: the Prairies are the sunniest in Canada, the coasts the cloudiest, and every site swings hard between a bright summer and a dark winter.
On annual PV yield Regina leads the cities here, but winter insolation across Canada falls to a fraction of summer, so a year-round solar miner is sized by its darkest months (or pairs panels with the grid / a battery / seasonal heat reuse). Values are NRCan geographic constants for a 1 kW south-facing latitude-tilt system; real yield varies with tilt, shading and snow. Free CSV/JSON under CC BY 4.0.
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| City | Prov. | Annual PV (kWh/kW/yr) | Annual PSH | Summer PSH | Winter PSH |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regina Highest PV potential of any major Canadian city, driven by dry, clear Prairie skies. | SK | 1,361 | 4 | 6.2 | 1.8 |
| Saskatoon Among the sunniest cities nationally, just behind Regina. | SK | 1,330 | 3.9 | 6.1 | 1.7 |
| Calgary Top-tier Prairie sun; cold, clear winters keep panels efficient. | AB | 1,292 | 4 | 6 | 1.9 |
| Winnipeg Prairie clear-sky climate makes it one of the sunniest large cities. | MB | 1,277 | 3.9 | 6 | 1.7 |
| Edmonton Higher latitude is offset by clear skies; latitude tilt lifts annual yield. | AB | 1,245 | 3.7 | 5.9 | 1.5 |
| Ottawa Clear continental skies push annual yield above most eastern metros. | ON | 1,198 | 3.7 | 5.7 | 1.5 |
| Montreal Strong continental summers offset a low winter sun for a balanced annual yield. | QC | 1,185 | 3.6 | 5.6 | 1.5 |
| Charlottetown Maritime exposure yields solid summer insolation with a typical Atlantic winter dip. | PE | 1,165 | 3.6 | 5.5 | 1.5 |
| Quebec City Similar continental profile to Montreal with a marginally lower annual total. | QC | 1,163 | 3.5 | 5.5 | 1.4 |
| Toronto Southern-Ontario location gives the best winter sun among major eastern cities. | ON | 1,161 | 3.7 | 5.7 | 1.5 |
| Fredericton NRCan canonical New Brunswick data point; inland location lifts it above the foggier coast. | NB | 1,145 | 3.5 | 5.4 | 1.5 |
| Saint John Bay of Fundy fog trims output slightly below inland Fredericton. | NB | 1,120 | 3.3 | 5 | 1.4 |
| Halifax Coastal Atlantic climate gives moderate output with a mild winter floor. | NS | 1,118 | 3.5 | 5.3 | 1.5 |
| Victoria Sunniest spot in BC with bright summers but a low winter sun. | BC | 1,091 | 3.6 | 5.9 | 1.1 |
| Yellowknife Long summer daylight contrasts with near-zero insolation in deep winter. | NT | 1,014 | 3 | 5.7 | 0.4 |
| Vancouver Wet Pacific winters give one of the lowest annual yields despite sunny summers. | BC | 1,009 | 3.3 | 5.5 | 1 |
| Whitehorse High latitude drives a steep summer-to-winter swing with very low deep-winter sun. | YT | 1,006 | 2.8 | 5 | 0.5 |
| Iqaluit Arctic latitude means near-zero insolation in deep winter and strong long-day summers. | NU | 1,004 | 2.8 | 5 | 0.3 |
| St. John's Among Canada's least sunny major cities; persistent Atlantic cloud and fog suppress yield year-round. | NL | 933 | 3 | 4.8 | 1.1 |
Source: Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) photovoltaic potential and solar resource maps. PSH = peak sun hours = mean daily insolation in kWh/m²/day. Feeds the solar Bitcoin node calculator; pairs with the energy-for-compute hub and the heating-fuel cost dataset. Geographic estimates — size a real system with a local survey.
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Last reviewed June 20, 2026.